New Delhi: Researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology have identified HKU5-CoV-2, a newly discovered bat coronavirus with similarities to SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV. The virus has been observed to infect human cells using the ACE2 receptor, but experts emphasize that the risk of human transmission remains low.
Key Findings on HKU5-CoV-2
- Virus Name: HKU5-CoV-2
- Discovery Location: China
- Lead Researcher: Shi Zhengli ("Batwoman")
- Similarities: Shares genetic traits with SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV
- Human Infection Risk: Low, though it can infect cells with high ACE2 receptor expression
- Published In: Cell journal
- Potential Impact: Influences research on future zoonotic threats
What is HKU5-CoV-2?
HKU5-CoV-2 belongs to the Merbecovirus subgenus, which includes the MERS virus. It originates from the HKU5 strain, first identified in the Japanese pipistrelle bat in Hong Kong. The virus was not found in humans but detected in laboratory experiments.
How Does HKU5-CoV-2 Compare to Other Coronaviruses?
| Feature | HKU5-CoV-2 | SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) | MERS-CoV |
|---|---|---|---|
| Origin | Bats | Bats/Pangolins? | Bats/Camels |
| Receptor Usage | ACE2 | ACE2 | DPP4 |
| Human Infection Risk | Limited | High | Moderate |
| Symptoms Overlap | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Could HKU5-CoV-2 Pose a Future Threat?
While the virus can bind to human ACE2 receptors, its binding efficiency is lower than SARS-CoV-2. Experts highlight:
- The virus is not well-adapted for human transmission.
- Existing global immunity to SARS-like viruses may reduce its potential risk.
- Continuous monitoring is crucial to assess future spillover events.
Expert Insights & Research Leadership
Shi Zhengli, a virologist at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, led the study alongside scientists from:
- Guangzhou Academy of Sciences
- Wuhan University
- Wuhan Institute of Virology
She has long been a key researcher in bat coronaviruses and denies claims linking the COVID-19 outbreak to lab leaks.
Final Thoughts
Current research indicates that HKU5-CoV-2 does not pose an immediate human threat. However, its discovery highlights the importance of proactive surveillance in preventing future pandemics. Scientists stress that further studies are needed to evaluate its potential impact on global health.
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